A ferrovija tal-azzarhuwa membru tal-binarju tal-azzar riġidu u b'forma li jifforma l-mogħdija fiżika li fuqha jirrumblaw ir-roti tal-azzar, li jikkontrollaw id-direzzjoni filwaqt li jġorru forzi vertikali, laterali u lonġitudinali ġġenerati minn vetturi li jiċċaqalqu. Il-funzjoni tiegħu hija li żżomm il-vetturi limitati għal rotta fissa filwaqt li tittrasmetti tagħbijiet b'mod sikur lill-irqad u l-pedamenti.

GNEE FERROVIJAjipprovdi linji fi standards sħaħ inklużi rails ħfief GB u rails tqal minn 8-60 kg/m, UIC50, UIC54, UIC60, DIN536 binarji tal-krejn A55, A65, A75, A100, A120, QU70, QU80, QU100, JCR100K, JCR100K AS1085 31KG–89KG, BS11:1985 sezzjonijiet, u AREMA/ASCE 25–175 lb, u jipprovdi wkoll provvista ta 'sistema ta' qtugħ, tħaffir u rbit tal-binarji.
Minn liema materjal huma magħmula l-binarji?
Il-binarji huma magħmula primarjament minn azzar tal-karbonju għoli-, inġinerija speċifikament biex jifilħu tagħbijiet għoljin ħafna, impatti ripetuti tar-roti, u -għeja fit-tul. Dan it-tip ta 'azzar mhuwiex azzar strutturali ordinarju; huwa azzar ferrovjarju perlitiku ddisinjat biex jipprovdi bilanċ ottimali ta 'ebusija, saħħa, reżistenza għall-ilbies, u toughness.

Minn perspettiva metallurġika, il-biċċa l-kbira tal-binarji huma prodotti minn azzar tal-karbonju-manganiż b'kontenut ta 'karbonju tipikament madwar 0.6-0.8%, flimkien mal-manganiż biex itejbu l-ebusija u r-reżistenza għall-qsim. Il-mikrostruttura perlitika tagħti lill-binarji reżistenza għolja għall-għeja tal-kuntatt tal-irrumblar u l-ilbies tal-wiċċ, li huma l-modi ta 'falliment dominanti fl-applikazzjonijiet ferrovjarji u tal-krejn tal-ferrovija.
Il-gradi tal-azzar ferrovjarji internazzjonali komuni jinkludu:
- Fis-swieq Ċiniżi u Ażjatiċi: U71Mn u U75V, fejn żidiet ogħla ta 'karbonju u liga jżidu s-saħħa u r-reżistenza għall-ilbies.
| Grad tal-Azzar | C(%) | Si | Mn | Cr | V | P | S | Qawwa tat-tensjoni (Rm/MPa) |
| U71Mn | 0.65~0.76 | 0.15~0.58 | 0.70~1.40 | – | – | Inqas minn jew ugwali għal 0.035 | Inqas minn jew ugwali għal 0.030 | Ikbar minn jew ugwali għal 880 |
| U75V | 0.71~0.80 | 0.50~0.80 | 0.75~1.05 | – | 0.04~0.12 | Inqas minn jew ugwali għal 0.035 | Inqas minn jew ugwali għal 0.030 | Ikbar minn jew ugwali għal 980 |

| Klassifikazzjoni | Għoli (mm) | Ras (mm) | Qiegħ (mm) | Ħoxna (mm) | Piż (kg/m) | |
| Light Rail | 8 KG/M | 65 | 25 | 54 | 7 | 8.42 |
| 9 KG/M | 63.5 | 32.1 | 63.5 | 5.9 | 8.94 | |
| 12 KG/M | 69.85 | 38.1 | 69.85 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15 KG/M | 79.37 | 42.86 | 79.37 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18 KG/M | 80 | 40 | 80 | 10 | 18.06 | |
| 22 KG/M | 93.66 | 50.8 | 93.66 | 10.72 | 22.3 | |
| 24 KG/M | 107 | 51 | 90 | 10.9 | 24.46 | |
| 30 KG/M | 107.95 | 60.33 | 107.95 | 12.3 | 30.1 | |
| Ferrovija Tqila | 38 KG/M | 134 | 68 | 114 | 13 | 38.733 |
| 43 KG/M | 140 | 70 | 114 | 14.5 | 44.653 | |
| 45 KG/M | 145 | 67 | 126 | 14.5 | 45.546 | |
| 50 KG/M | 152 | 70 | 132 | 15.5 | 51.514 | |
| 60 KG/M | 176 | 73 | 150 | 16.5 | 60.64 | |
| Ferrovija tal-Krejn | QU 70 | 120 | 70 | 120 | 28 | 52.8 |
| QU 80 | 130 | 80 | 130 | 32 | 63.69 | |
| QU 100 | 150 | 100 | 150 | 38 | 88.96 | |
| QU 120 | 170 | 120 | 170 | 44 | 118.1 | |
- Taħt l-istandards Ewropej (EN 13674): R260, R320Cr, u R350HT, b'R350HT (ras-imwebbsa) użata ħafna fuq linji ta' -refgħa tqila u ta' veloċità-għola għal ħajja ta' servizz estiża.
| Grad | Standard / Reġjun | Kompożizzjoni Tipika (wt%) |
| R260 | EN 13674-1 (Ewropa) | C: 0.67–0.80, Mn: 0.90–1.20, Si: Inqas minn jew ugwali għal 0.50 |
| R350HT | EN 13674-1 (Ewropa) | C: 0.75–0.85, Mn: 0.80–1.20, Cr: 0.20–0.50 |

| Tip ta' | Standard | Dimensjonijiet mm | Grad tal-Azzar | Quddiesa M | |||
| Ferrovija | A | F | C | t | kg/m | ||
| 39E1(BS80A) | EN13674–4 | 133.4 | 117.5 | 63.5 | 13.1 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 39.77 |
| 45E1(BS90A) | EN13674–4 | 142.88 | 127 | 66.67 | 13.89 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 45.11 |
| 45E3(RN45) | EN13674–4 | 142 | 130 | 66 | 15 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 44.79 |
| 46E2(U33) | EN13674–4 | 145 | 134 | 62 | 15 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 46.27 |
| 49E1(S49) | EN13674–4 | 149 | 125 | 67 | 14 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 49.39 |
| 49E2 | EN13674–4 | 148 | 125 | 67 | 14 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 49.1 |
| 49E5 | EN13674–4 | 149 | 125 | 67 | 14 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 49.13 |
| 50E1 | EN13674–4 | 153 | 134 | 65 | 15.5 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 50.37 |
| 50E2(50EB-T) | EN13674–4 | 151 | 140 | 72 | 15 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 49.97 |
| 50E4 | EN13674–4 | 152 | 125 | 70 | 15 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 50.46 |
| 50E5 | EN13674–4 | 148 | 135 | 67 | 14 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 49.9 |
| 50E6(U50) | EN13674–4 | 153 | 140 | 65 | 15.5 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 50.9 |
| 54E1(UIC54) | EN13674–4 | 159 | 140 | 70 | 16 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 54.77 |
| 54E2(UIC54E) | EN13674–4 | 161 | 125 | 67 | 16 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 53.82 |
| 54E3(DINS54) | EN13674–4 | 154 | 125 | 67 | 16 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 54.57 |
| 54E4 | EN13674–4 | 154 | 125 | 67 | 16 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 54.31 |
| 54E5(54E1AHC) | EN13674–4 | 159 | 140 | 70.2 | 16 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 54.42 |
| 55E1 | EN13674–4 | 155 | 134 | 62 | 19 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 56.03 |
| 56E1(BS113Lb) | EN13674–4 | 158.75 | 140 | 69.85 | 20 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 56.3 |
| 60E1(UIC60) | EN13674–4 | 172 | 150 | 72 | 16.5 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 60.21 |
| 60E2 | EN13674–4 | 172 | 150 | 72 | 16.5 | R200/R260/R260Mn/R300HT | 60.03 |
- Taħt l-istandards AREMA/ASCE: gradi bħal 900A u 1100, ikklassifikati skont is-saħħa minima tat-tensjoni u l-ebusija.

| Standard ASTM, standard AREMA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daqs | Dimensjoni (mm) | Piż (kg/m) |
Tul (m) | |||
| Kap | Għoli | Sieq | Ħxuna | |||
| ASCE 25 | 38.1 | 69.85 | 69.85 | 7.54 | 12.4 | 6-12 |
| ASCE 30 | 42.86 | 79.38 | 79.38 | 8.33 | 14.88 | |
| ASCE 40 | 47.62 | 88.9 | 88.9 | 9.92 | 19.84 | |
| ASCE 60 | 60.32 | 107.95 | 107.95 | 12.3 | 29.76 | |
| ASCE 75 | 62.71 | 122.24 | 122.24 | 13.49 | 37.2 | 12-25 |
| ASCE 85 | 65.09 | 131.76 | 131.76 | 14.29 | 42.17 | |
| ASCE 90 | 69.09 | 130.18 | 142.88 | 14.29 | 44.65 | |
| ASCE 115 | 69.06 | 139.7 | 168.28 | 15.88 | 56.9 | |
| ASCE 136 | 74.61 | 152.4 | 185.74 | 17.46 | 67.41 | |
| ASCE 175 | 109.86 | 152.4 | 152.4 | 38.1 | 86.8 | |
- Għal applikazzjonijiet industrijali u tal-krejn, il-binarji magħmula skont l-istandards DIN 536 jew QU jużaw ukoll azzar-perlitiku ta 'saħħa għolja, ħafna drabi b'twebbis tar-ras fakultattiv biex ilaħħqu ma' tagħbijiet estremament għoljin tar-roti u forzi laterali qawwija fil-portijiet, impjanti tal-azzar, u terminals tal-kontejners.
DIN 13674-1-2003 Standard Steel Ferrovija
| Standard: DIN 536 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daqs | Dimensjoni (mm) | Piż (kg/m) |
Tul (m) | |||
| Kap | Għoli | Qiegħed | Ħxuna | |||
| A55 | 55 | 65 | 150 | 31 | 31.8 | 10-12 |
| A55 | 65 | 75 | 175 | 38 | 43.1 | |
| A75 | 75 | 85 | 200 | 45 | 56.2 | |
| A100 | 100 | 95 | 200 | 60 | 74.3 | |
| A120 | 120 | 105 | 200 | 72 | 100 | |
Bħala fornitur professjonali tal-qafliet tal-binarji,GNEE FERROVIJAjista 'jipprovdi ferrovjarji ta' l-azzar standard differenti bħal GB, American, BS, UIC, DIN, JIS, Awstraljan u l-Afrika t'Isfel li jintużaw fil-linji tal-ferrovija, krejnijiet u tħaffir tal-faħam.

